Mango Farming, Cultivation (Aam) Absolute Guide for Beginners | Mango Farming in India – Types & Benefits of Mango
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Mango is a fruit that is enjoyed by people all over the world. The juicy, sweet taste of mangoes makes them a popular choice for snacks, desserts, and even main dishes in some cultures. If you’re thinking about starting your own mango farm, this guide will give you all the information you need to get started!
Introduction
Mango Farming is done on large scale in India. It is practiced in Maharshtra and south india at most. Mango is a delicious fruit. It is green before ripening and afterward turn yellow or orange in colour. Many coldrinks are made using mango like Maaza , Frooti , Real etc. It smells sweet. It is called king of fruits. Alphanso (Hapus), Kesar, desi mango are some famous variety of mangoes. Alphanso or Hapus is mostly grown in Konkan, Maharashtra. Ratnagiri, Raigad, Sindhudurg are some mango growing districts. Alphanso mango is also exported an large scale in India. Kesar is a juicy variety of mango which used for coldrink production.
Characteristicks
Taste : Sweet Colour : Orange(ripened) , Green, Reddish-Orange.
Also, many sweet dishes canbe prepared from it like : Amras, Amrakhand, Mango Juice, Spicy Pickle, Sweet-Pickle, etc.
Mango is rich in :
- Vitamin A
- Vitamin C
- Vitamin K
- Potassium
- Beta-carotene
- Folate
- Choline
- Magnesium
Planting Materials for Mango Plantation
When it comes to planting material for mango cultivation, there are two options available for farmers. They can either grow mangoes from seed or buy young mango trees from a nursery. If you want to grow mangoes from seed, then you will need to plant the seeds in well-drained soil and keep them moist until they germinate. Once the seedlings have grown to about 2-3 inches tall, they can be transplanted into individual pots or bags.
If you decide to buy young mango trees from a nursery, then make sure to choose ones that have been grown in disease-free areas. It is also important to select healthy looking trees that have a good root system. When transplanting the trees, make sure to dig a hole that is twice the size of the tree’s root ball. After transplanting, water the trees regularly and fertilize them according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
The best season for mango plantation
The best season for mango plantation in Pakistan is from February to March. The plant grows best in full sun and well-drained soil. The plant should be spaced 4m to 6m apart.
The spacing of mango trees
Mango farming requires careful planning and execution, especially when it comes to tree spacing. Mango trees need room to grow and produce fruit, so farmers must take care to leave enough space between each tree. The right tree spacing can mean the difference between a bountiful harvest and a disappointing one.
When planting mango trees, farmers should space them 10-12 feet apart. This will give the trees room to spread their roots and leaves, and also allow for adequate airflow between the trees. Poor airflow can lead to fungal diseases, which can ruin a crop.
In addition to proper tree spacing, farmers must also pay attention to the size of their mango trees. dwarf mango varieties can be planted closer together than regular-sized mango trees. But no matter what type of tree you have, always err on the side of caution and give them plenty of space to grow.
training of mango trees
Mango trees are usually trained to a single trunk with a clear stem of about 6 to 8 feet (2-2.4 m) above the ground. The first branches, called “feathers”, are allowed to grow out from the main stem at intervals of 8 to 10 inches (20-25 cm).
As the tree grows taller, more branches (“scaffold” or “support” limbs) are added at intervals of 18 to 24 inches (45-60 cm), until the desired height and spread are reached. The uppermost branches of the scaffold limbs are then cut back to allow for the formation of a canopy.
These trees are generally pruned once a year, in late winter or early spring. Heavy pruning is usually only carried out on young trees, to promote branching and prevent them from becoming too tall and spindly.
Nutrient management of Mango tree
| Age of Plants (in years) | Fertilizer to be applied |
| 1 Year | 100g. N, 50g P , 100g of K |
| 10 Years | 1kg. N, 500g P , 1kg of K |
| 11 Years | Same as above increase |
Mango trees are heavy feeders and require a good supply of nutrients for optimum growth and fruit production. A regular fertilizer program is essential for mango production.
The most important nutrients for mango trees are nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Mangoes also require trace elements such as magnesium, iron, zinc and copper.
Nitrogen is required for vegetative growth and should be applied monthly during the active growth period. Phosphorus is needed for root development and flower bud formation. Potassium is important for fruit development and coloration.
Magnesium, iron, zinc and copper are required in small quantities but are essential for tree health. These elements can be supplied through the use of a balanced fertilizer or through foliar sprays of chelated minerals.
Mango trees should be fertilized every month during the active growth period using a balanced fertilizer with an NPK ratio of 3-1-2. Fertilizer should be applied at a rate of 1 pound per year of age up to 10 years old, then 2 pounds per year thereafter. Apply fertilizer around the drip line of the tree out to the ends of the branches. Avoid getting fertilizer on the trunk or leaves as this can burn the tree.
Irrigation requirements of mango trees
Mangoes are generally very drought tolerant once they are established, but they will produce more fruit if they are given some supplemental irrigation during the dry season. Depending on your climate and the variety of mango you are growing, you may need to water your mango trees every week or two during the dry season.
If you live in an area with high rainfall, you may not need to provide any supplemental irrigation for your mango trees. However, if you live in an area with low rainfall, you will likely need to provide some supplemental irrigation during the dry season.
Mango trees can be irrigated using any type of irrigation system, but drip irrigation is typically the most efficient method. If you use drip irrigation, be sure to place the emitters at the base of each tree so that the roots can absorb the water.
Intercropping in mango farm
Mango farming is a common practice in many tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The mango is a versatile fruit that can be used in a wide variety of dishes, from sweet to savory. It is also a popular choice for juicing.
Mangoes are typically grown in monoculture, meaning that only one type of crop is grown in a given field. However, mango farmers in some regions have begun to practice intercropping, which is the growing of two or more crops in the same field.
kesar mango yield per acre
Intercropping has several benefits for mango farmers. For example, it can help to diversify the farm’s income, as different crops can be sold at different times of the year. Intercropping can also help to improve soil fertility and reduce pest and disease pressure on the mango crop.
If you are interested in intercropping on your mango farm, there are a few things to keep in mind. First, you will need to choose compatible crops that can be grown together without competing for resources (such as water and nutrients). Second, you will need to carefully plan your cropping schedule so that each crop is planted and harvested at the right time.
Turmeric plantation as intercrop in mango has been found not only to assist in suppressing the population of trunk borers, termites and gummosis causing pathogens in the soil, but also provided additional income from the harvest of the rhizomes, 9 months after planting.
In mango farms, many plants such as coconut, areca, lemon, guava, papaya, fig, banana, jack, pepper, can be grown as intercrops.
Diseases in Mango
Mango is a tropical fruit that is grown in many parts of the world. The benefits of mango are many and it is a popular fruit for both fresh eating and for use in recipes. However, like all fruits, mangoes can be susceptible to disease. Here is a guide to some of the most common diseases that affect mangoes.
kesar mango yield per acre
Powdery mildew is one of the most common diseases that affect mangoes. Powdery mildew is a white powdery fungus that grows on the surface of the leaves and fruit. Powdery mildew can significantly reduce the yield of a mango tree.
Black spot is another common disease that affects mangoes. Black spot is caused by a fungus called Diplocarpon mangiferae. Black spot appears as small black spots on the leaves and fruit of the mango tree. Black spot can also reduce the yield of a mango tree.
Anthracnose is another disease that can affect mangoes. Anthracnose is caused by a fungus called Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Anthracnose appears as small brown or black spots on the leaves, stems, and fruit of the mango tree. Anthracnose can cause def
Post Harvest Management of mango crop
After the mango crop is harvested, it is important to properly manage the post-harvest process in order to ensure that the fruit remains fresh and of high quality. Here are some tips for post-harvest management of mangoes:
1. sort the mangoes according to size and quality;
2. clean the mangoes thoroughly;
3. pack the mangoes carefully in clean, dry boxes or crates;
4. store the mangoes in a cool, dry place;
5. ripen the mangoes as needed; and
6. monitor the condition of the mangoes regularly.
By following these post-harvest management tips, you can help ensure that your mangoes remain fresh and of high quality.
Storage of mangoes
Mango is a tropical fruit and it is usually harvested when it is ripe. But sometimes, farmers need to store the mangoes for a short period of time before they are sold. In this case, farmers need to take some special care to ensure that the mangoes are stored properly and do not get spoiled.
The first thing that farmers need to do is to select the right type of mangoes for storage. There are many different types of mangoes and not all of them are suitable for storage. Farmers need to choose the mangoes that are less ripe and have a thicker skin. These mangoes will be able to withstand the storage process better and will not get spoiled as easily.
Once the farmers have selected the right type of mangoes, they need to clean them properly. The mangoes should be washed with clean water and then dried completely. If there is any moisture on the surface of the mangoes, it can lead to fungal growth and spoilage.
The next step is to place the mangoes in a cool and dry place. The temperature should be around 10-12 degrees Celsius for proper storage. If the temperature is too high, it can cause the mangoes to ripen too quickly
What is Mango Yield per tree ?
The fruit yield varies with varieties. At the age of 8-10 years, Mankurad and Hilario trees can yield about 25-30 kg of fruits having average fruit weight of 200-250 g. Fruit yield of 30 – 40 kg/tree in Kesar, 40-50kg/tree in Ratna and Amrapali varieties can be expected.
What is kesar mango yield per acre?
The Kesar was from Gujarat , Chaunsa from Bihar and every variety had a location where it was good. The cultivation was also simple. 40-60 Mango trees in an acre. life of a mango tree exceeds 35 years. On an average, the kesar mango yield per acre ranges from 5 to 9 t/acre.